Gastro Sciences
Endoscopy
Upper GI endoscopy uses a flexible camera passed through the mouth to examine the oesophagus, stomach and first part of the small intestine. Colonoscopy uses a flexible camera passed through the anus to examine the colon and sometimes the end of the small intestine.
Medically reviewed by: Hospital medical team Last reviewed: 2026
These tests may help investigate symptoms or follow up earlier findings. The clinician should explain the reason for the test, alternatives, preparation and risks, including bleeding, perforation and sedation-related problems. Local availability and arrangements need confirmation.
Conditions treated
- Upper GI endoscopy
- Colonoscopy
- Persistent swallowing difficulty
- Suspected peptic ulcer disease
- Unexplained gastrointestinal bleeding
- Persistent bowel-habit changes
Investigations
- Upper GI endoscopic examination
- Colonoscopic examination
- Histopathology of biopsy samples
- Helicobacter pylori testing on suitable samples
Treatment options
- Treatment planning based on endoscopic findings
- Medication review after an ulcer diagnosis
- Management planning for confirmed intestinal inflammation
- Surveillance planning after selected polyp findings
Procedures
- Diagnostic upper GI endoscopy
- Diagnostic colonoscopy
- Endoscopic biopsy
- Removal of suitable polyps
- Endoscopic control of selected bleeding sources
Preparing for your visit
- For upper GI endoscopy, follow the unit's exact fasting instructions for food and liquids; tell the team if you have diabetes or delayed stomach emptying.
- For colonoscopy, follow the prescribed dietary changes and bowel-cleansing schedule. Use the instructed fluids and contact the team if vomiting prevents completion.
- Tell the team about blood thinners, diabetes or weight-management medicines, allergies, pregnancy possibility, kidney disease and previous sedation problems. Do not alter medicines independently.
- Confirm the sedation plan, transport and escort requirements in advance. Ask whether an adult should remain with you afterwards and how long activity restrictions apply.
Recovery overview
- During the test you usually lie on your side while the camera is advanced; air or carbon dioxide may cause bloating. Throat spray, sedation and monitoring arrangements vary.
- Afterwards, remain for observation as instructed. If your throat is numbed, wait until the team says swallowing is safe before eating or drinking.
- After sedation, do not drive, operate machinery, drink alcohol or make important decisions for the period specified in your discharge instructions.
- Ask when biopsy results are expected. Seek prompt assessment for severe or increasing pain, fever, breathlessness, significant bleeding or persistent vomiting.
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Gastroenterologist
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Gastroenterologist
Frequently asked questions
Related services
This information is for general awareness and does not replace advice from a qualified doctor.
Endoscopy
Clarify your endoscopy preparation
Ask about referral requirements, test availability, medicine instructions and escort arrangements before scheduling your examination.